Zebrafish is without doubt one of the world’s most generally used laboratory species, and it’s utilized to reply vital analysis questions in disparate fields reminiscent of biomedicine, genetics, developmental biology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, and evolution. Regardless of their reputation, little or no is understood concerning the biology of zebrafish of their pure habitat.
This may increasingly, partially, be because of the difficulties related to endeavor area journeys to the distant areas of northern India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, which is the pure distribution vary of zebrafish. Right here, we current a area report describing a latest journey the place we, along with native collaborators, visited a number of rivers in West Bengal, India, to watch wild zebrafish and their habitat. We current an outline of our observations on the biology of untamed zebrafish, and the nice variability of the totally different environments the place they have been discovered.
We additionally embrace knowledge collected on water chemistry parameters at 12 zebrafish websites, and weight knowledge and pictures of fish from these websites. We current in depth underwater movies of untamed zebrafish and images of the websites, together with video footage of courtship conduct. We present that the breeding interval of untamed zebrafish could be prolonged from the earlier file of April-August to April-October. As well as, we offer sensible recommendation for future zebrafish expeditions to this rural and inaccessible space. The objectives of this text are to shed some mild on the ecology of untamed zebrafish, and to facilitate scientists of their future analysis journeys. We hope that by observing zebrafish within the wild, we are able to enhance our understanding of the pure ecology of this vital mannequin organism.
Use of Zebrafish in Drug Discovery Toxicology.
Unpredicted human security occasions in scientific trials for brand new medicine are expensive when it comes to human well being and cash. The drug discovery business makes an attempt to attenuate these occasions with diligent preclinical security testing. Present normal practices are good at stopping poisonous compounds from being examined within the clinic; nonetheless, false unfavorable preclinical toxicity outcomes are nonetheless a actuality. Continuous enchancment have to be pursued within the preclinical realm. Increased high quality therapies could be introduced ahead with extra details about potential toxicities and related mechanisms.
The zebrafish mannequin is a bridge between in vitro assays and mammalian in vivo research. This mannequin is highly effective in its breadth of utility and tractability for analysis. Prior to now 20 years our understanding of illness biology and drug toxicity has grown considerably owing to hundreds of research on this tiny vertebrate. This overview summarizes challenges and strengths of the mannequin, discusses the 3Rs worth that it could ship, highlights translatable and untranslatable biology, and brings collectively experiences from latest research with zebrafish specializing in new drug discovery toxicology.
The priority about DNA injury has directed efforts towards evaluating the genotoxic potential of bodily and chemical brokers. For the reason that extent of DNA injury can be associated to the capability of the organism in repairing the DNA, the advance of toxicological research on this space depends upon the characterization of the DNA restore mechanisms within the accessible fashions. The mobile zebrafish fashions, for instance, exchange mammalian cells to reply ecologically related questions on aquatic toxicology.
So, the intention of the current research was to characterize the nucleotide excision restore (NER) and photoreactivation (PER) in two mobile fashions of Danio rerio liver, major hepatocytes and ZF-L (Zebrafish Liver) cell line. We carried out kinetic research of the DNA injury ranges after publicity to six.eight J/m2 UVC utilizing the T4-PDG modified Comet Assay, and decided the expression ranges of vital genes concerned in NER, PER and base excision restore utilizing RT-qPCR.
Emergence of constant intra-individual locomotor patterns throughout zebrafish growth.
The evaluation of larval zebrafish locomotor conduct has emerged as a strong indicator of perturbations within the nervous system and is utilized in many fields of analysis, together with neuroscience, toxicology and drug discovery. The conduct of larval zebrafish nonetheless, is extremely variable, leading to the usage of giant numbers of animals and the lack to detect small results.
On this research, we analyzed whether or not particular person locomotor conduct is secure over growth and whether or not behavioral parameters correlate with physiological and morphological options, with the intention of higher understanding the variability and predictability of larval locomotor conduct. Our outcomes reveal that locomotor exercise of a person larva stays constant all through a given day and is predictable all through larval growth, particularly throughout darkish phases, below which larvae display light-searching behaviors and elevated exercise.
 Zebrafish Ada Antibody |
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F52652-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine and 2- deoxyadenosine. Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis. Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events. May act as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation (By similarity). |
) ak2 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F54506-0.05ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.05 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis. |
ak2 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F54506-0.2ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.2 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis. |
 Zebrafish Atf4 Antibody |
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F52258-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Transcriptional activator. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters (By similarity). |
Zebrafish Atf4 Antibody |
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F52258-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Transcriptional activator. Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters (By similarity). |
 Zebrafish LC3A Antibody |
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F53024-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha |
Zebrafish LC3A Antibody |
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F53024-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha |
) Atg5 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F53143-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Atg5 is involved in autophagic vesicle formation. |
Atg5 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F53381-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. |
Atg5 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F53381-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
|
Description: Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. |
 Zebrafish Thrb Antibody |
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R33481-100UG |
NSJ Bioreagents |
100 ug |
EUR 339.15 |
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Description: Additional name(s) for this target protein: Thyroid hormone receptor beta |
 Zebrafish Pax2a Antibody |
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F52269-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Probable transcription factor involved in the development of the midbrain/hindbrain boundary (MHB) organizer and specification of neuronal cell fates. Required for establishment of eng2 and eng3 gene expression in the midbrain and MHB primordium during late gastrulation. |
Zebrafish Pax2a Antibody |
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F52269-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
|
Description: Probable transcription factor involved in the development of the midbrain/hindbrain boundary (MHB) organizer and specification of neuronal cell fates. Required for establishment of eng2 and eng3 gene expression in the midbrain and MHB primordium during late gastrulation. |
) S1pr1 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F52393-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. This inducible epithelial cell G-protein-coupled receptor may be involved in the processes that regulate the differentiation of endothelial cells. Seems to be coupled to the G(i) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. |
) Gapdh Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F52573-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Also participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S- nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins (By similarity). |
 Zebrafish Gapdh Antibody |
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F52573-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Also participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S- nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins (By similarity). |
) Pou3f3a Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F52241-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Transcription factor that may play important roles in patterning the embryonic brain. |
Pou3f3a Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F52241-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Transcription factor that may play important roles in patterning the embryonic brain. |
 Zebrafish Patched Antibody |
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R35480-100UG |
NSJ Bioreagents |
100 ug |
EUR 339.15 |
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Description: Additional name(s) for this target protein: Zebrafish patched 1, ptc1; ptc1 |
 Zebrafish Map1lc3a Antibody |
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F53023-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
|
Description: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha |
Zebrafish Map1lc3a Antibody |
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F53023-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha |
) Gabarapa Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F53276-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: GABA(A) receptor associated protein |
 Zebrafish beta Actin Antibody |
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F52293-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Expression of beta Actin is strongest in lymph tissues with weaker expression seen in muscle and heart. |
Zebrafish beta Actin Antibody |
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F52293-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Expression of beta Actin is strongest in lymph tissues with weaker expression seen in muscle and heart. |
) Beclin-1 Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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F53282-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Beclin 1 is thought to function as a VPS and autophagy protein as part of a complex with Class III PI3 kinase, Vps34. |
 Zebrafish Beclin-1 Antibody |
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F53282-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: Beclin 1 is thought to function as a VPS and autophagy protein as part of a complex with Class III PI3 kinase, Vps34. |
) Pou5f1 Antibody OCT4 (Zebrafish) |
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F52574-0.08ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.08 ml |
EUR 140.25 |
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Description: Involved in early development of embryos, especially in the process of gastrulation. May play an important role in establishing and specifying rhombomeric segments. Seems to be required to maintain the cells in a highly undifferentiated state. In contrast to POU2, T-POU2 lacks DNA-binding activity because of its incomplete pou domain structure. Overexpression of POU2 does not have any effect on development, whereas overexpression of t- POU2 causes developmental retardation or arrest before gastrulation. |
 Antibody) Nicalin Homolog (Zebrafish) Antibody |
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20-abx114104 |
Abbexa |
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) GAPDH Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
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38057-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 302.4 |
GAPDH Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
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38057-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 224.4 |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish)) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish) |
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4-MAA228Fi28 |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 333.60
-
EUR 3613.20
-
EUR 886.80
-
EUR 426.00
-
EUR 272.40
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- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH) |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), PE) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), PE |
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4-MAA228Fi28-PE |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 400.80
-
EUR 3824.40
-
EUR 1063.20
-
EUR 511.20
-
EUR 254.40
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- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with PE. |
) α tubulin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
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38059-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 302.4 |
α tubulin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
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38059-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 224.4 |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), APC) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), APC |
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4-MAA228Fi28-APC |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 471.60
-
EUR 4750.80
-
EUR 1299.60
-
EUR 609.60
-
EUR 288.00
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
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|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with APC. |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), Cy3) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), Cy3 |
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4-MAA228Fi28-Cy3 |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 578.40
-
EUR 6284.40
-
EUR 1683.60
-
EUR 763.20
-
EUR 333.60
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
|
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|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with Cy3. |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), HRP) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), HRP |
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4-MAA228Fi28-HRP |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 428.40
-
EUR 4136.40
-
EUR 1146.00
-
EUR 548.40
-
EUR 268.80
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
|
|
|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with HRP. |
) β-tubulin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
|
38058-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 302.4 |
β-tubulin Mouse Monoclonal Antibody(Zebrafish Specific) |
|
38058-50ul |
SAB |
50ul |
EUR 224.4 |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), FITC) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), FITC |
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4-MAA228Fi28-FITC |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 400.80
-
EUR 3824.40
-
EUR 1063.20
-
EUR 511.20
-
EUR 254.40
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
|
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|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with FITC. |
 Protein) Zebrafish Talin (TLN) Protein |
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20-abx655190 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 777.60
-
EUR 326.40
-
EUR 2397.60
-
EUR 927.60
-
EUR 560.40
|
- 100 ug
- 10 ug
- 1 mg
- 200 ug
- 50 ug
|
|
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 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), APC-Cy7) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), APC-Cy7 |
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4-MAA228Fi28-APC-Cy7 |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 799.20
-
EUR 9357.60
-
EUR 2456.40
-
EUR 1075.20
-
EUR 432.00
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
|
|
|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with APC-Cy7. |
Conjugated Antibody) GAPDH Rabbit Polyclonal (Zebrafish Specific)Conjugated Antibody |
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C38057 |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 476.4 |
 Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), Biotinylated) Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Monoclonal Antibody (Zebrafish), Biotinylated |
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4-MAA228Fi28-Biotin |
Cloud-Clone |
-
EUR 415.20
-
EUR 3553.20
-
EUR 1022.40
-
EUR 517.20
-
EUR 280.80
|
- 100ul
- 10ml
- 1ml
- 200ul
- 20ul
|
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|
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Description: A Mouse monoclonal antibody against Zebrafish Mullerian Hormone (AMH). This antibody is labeled with Biotin. |
 Zebrafish Growth Hormone Protein |
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20-abx260620 |
Abbexa |
-
EUR 3483.60
-
EUR 393.60
-
EUR 276.00
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The larvae’s response to startle-stimuli was discovered to be unpredictable, with no correlation discovered between response power and locomotor exercise. Moreover, locomotor exercise was not related to physiological or morphological options of a larva (resting coronary heart fee, physique size, dimension of the swim bladder). Total, our findings spotlight the areas of intra-individual consistency, which could possibly be used to enhance the sensitivity of assays utilizing zebrafish locomotor exercise as an endpoint.
